"chalongier" meaning in All languages combined

See chalongier on Wiktionary

Verb [Old French]

Etymology: Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre (Latin calumniārī). Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fro|la-lat|calumniāre|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Late Latin calumniāre, {{inh+|fro|la-lat|calumniāre}} Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre, {{inh|fro|la|calumniārī}} Latin calumniārī Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} chalongier Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-ier}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], chalongier [infinitive], avoir chalongié [infinitive, multiword-construction], en chalonjant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], chalonjant [participle, present], chalongié [participle, past], chalonge [first-person, indicative, present, singular], chalonges [indicative, present, second-person, singular], chalonge [indicative, present, singular, third-person], chalonjons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], chalongiez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], chalongent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], chalonjoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], chalongeie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], chalonjoe [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], chalongieve [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], chalonjoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], chalongeies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], chalonjoes [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], chalongieves [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], chalonjoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], chalongeit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], chalonjot [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], chalongieve [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], chalongiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], chalongiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], chalongiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], chalongiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], chalonjoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], chalongeient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], chalonjoent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], chalongievent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], chalonjai [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], chalonjas [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], chalonja [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], chalonjames [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], chalonjastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], chalongierent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], chalongerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], chalongeras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], chalongera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], chalongerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], chalongeroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], chalongereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], chalongerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], chalongeront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], chalongeroie [conditional, first-person, singular], chalongereie [conditional, first-person, singular], chalongeroies [conditional, second-person, singular], chalongereies [conditional, second-person, singular], chalongeroit [conditional, singular, third-person], chalongereit [conditional, singular, third-person], chalongeriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], chalongeriens [conditional, first-person, plural], chalongeriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], chalongeriez [conditional, plural, second-person], chalongeroient [conditional, plural, third-person], chalongereient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], chalonge [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], chalonges [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], chalonge [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], chalonjons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], chalongiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], chalongent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], chalonjasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], chalonjasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], chalonjast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], chalongissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], chalongissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], chalongissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], chalongissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], chalongissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], chalonjassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], chalonge [imperative, second-person, singular], chalonjons [first-person, imperative, plural], chalongiez [imperative, plural, second-person], calunjer [alternative], chalenger [alternative], chalengier [alternative]
  1. to dispute; to challenge (something)
    Sense id: en-chalongier-fro-verb-uJy6pGYj Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite: 25 23 25 27
  2. to claim
    Sense id: en-chalongier-fro-verb-CuTVe7Qv Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite: 25 23 25 27
  3. to fight; to engage in battle
    Sense id: en-chalongier-fro-verb-yBKm7vv9 Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -ier, Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 15 12 55 17 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -ier: 15 13 56 16 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite: 25 23 25 27 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 8 8 76 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 7 79 7
  4. to challenge (someone)
    Sense id: en-chalongier-fro-verb-GFK9S4qf Categories (other): Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite: 25 23 25 27

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calange"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calangy"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calenge"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalange"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalengyn"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "challengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kalange"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "calumniāre",
      "calumniare#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "calumniārī",
      "calumniari#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calumniārī"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calumniārī",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre (Latin calumniārī).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-ier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir chalongié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en chalonjant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongievent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "calunjer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalenger",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalengier",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "chalongier",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-ier"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 23 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dispute; to challenge (something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-chalongier-fro-verb-uJy6pGYj",
      "links": [
        [
          "dispute",
          "dispute"
        ],
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 23 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to claim"
      ],
      "id": "en-chalongier-fro-verb-CuTVe7Qv",
      "links": [
        [
          "claim",
          "claim"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 12 55 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 13 56 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -ier",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 23 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 76 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 79 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fight; to engage in battle"
      ],
      "id": "en-chalongier-fro-verb-yBKm7vv9",
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ],
        [
          "engage",
          "engage"
        ],
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 23 25 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to challenge (someone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-chalongier-fro-verb-GFK9S4qf",
      "links": [
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "chalongier"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Late Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -ier",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calange"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calangy"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calenge"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "calengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalange"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "chalengyn"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "challengen"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "challenge"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "challenge"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kalange"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "calumniāre",
      "calumniare#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "calumniārī",
      "calumniari#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "calumniāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calumniārī"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calumniārī",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin calumniāre (Latin calumniārī).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-ier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir chalongié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en chalonjant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongié",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongieve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongievent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongerez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongeroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalonjons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalongiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "calunjer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalenger",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chalengier",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "chalongier",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-ier"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to dispute; to challenge (something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dispute",
          "dispute"
        ],
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to claim"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "claim",
          "claim"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fight; to engage in battle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ],
        [
          "engage",
          "engage"
        ],
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to challenge (someone)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "challenge",
          "challenge"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "chalongier"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chalongier meaning in All languages combined (13.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.